31. Encouraged by Catholic preachers, they were horrified at the marriage of a princess of France to a Protestant. The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre A Brief History with Documents At the low end are figures of about 2,000 in Paris[41] and 3,000 in the provinces, the latter figure an estimate by Philip Benedict in 1978. It depicts the massacre as having been instigated by Catherine de' Medici for both religious and political reasons, and authorised by a weak-willed and easily influenced Charles IX.[103]. Holt concludes that "while the general massacre might have been prevented, there is no evidence that it was intended by any of the elites at court", listing a number of cases where Catholic courtiers intervened to save individual Protestants who were not in the leadership. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Massacre-of-Saint-Bartholomews-Day, Christianity Today - The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre, World History Encyclopedia - St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, Institute for Advanced Study - The massacre of St. Bartholomews Day was an affair between neighbors. Donnelly is confirmed as US ambassador to the Vatican [83][pageneeded], Traditional histories have tended to focus more on the roles of the political notables whose machinations began the massacre than the mindset of those who actually did the killing. Read online (or offline) with all the highlighting and notetaking tools you need to be successful in this course. Henry of Guise then planned an attack on all protestants. [37] It has been claimed that the Huguenot community represented as much as 10% of the French population on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, declining to 78% by the end of the 16th century, and further after heavy persecution began once again during the reign of Louis XIV, culminating with the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes.[38]. Staunch Catholics were shocked by the return of Protestants to the court, but the queen mother, Catherine de' Medici, and her son, Charles IX, were practical in their support of peace and Coligny, as they were conscious of the kingdom's financial difficulties and the Huguenots' strong defensive position: they controlled the fortified towns of La Rochelle, La Charit-sur-Loire, Cognac, and Montauban. A.P. Euro Chapter 15 terms Flashcards | Quizlet "Many Protestant houses were burned, invoking the traditional purification by fire of all heretics. Pope Gregory XIII himself refused to receive Charles de Maurevert, said to be the killer of Coligny, on the ground that he was a murderer.[53]. WorldCat is the worlds largest library catalog, helping you find library materials online. [51], Pope Gregory XIII also commissioned the artist Giorgio Vasari to paint three frescos in the Sala Regia depicting the wounding of Coligny, his death, and Charles IX before Parliament, matching those commemorating the defeat of the Turks at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). List of ambassadors of the United States to Saint Vincent and the Here, he is relating the events leading up to the Massacre and the orders of the Queen of France, Catherine de'Medici. 14445, who rejects the view that this "met le feu au poudres" (lit the powder) in Bordeaux. The Catholic response to a Huguenot plot / Claude Haton (1572) -- 18. She, supposed his words had different meanings that alluded to his plan to stir up new storms and. 34. This article is about the historical event. From the Venetian ambassador Giovanni Michiel's, harsh report, people might imagine the relationship of religion to politics and political. [34] In some cities the massacres were led by the mob, while the city authorities tried to suppress them, and in others small groups of soldiers and officials began rounding up Protestants with little mob involvement. 54, Herodotus From The Histories: Manners and Customs of the Scythians 55, From The Babylonian Account of the Great Flood 58, Chapter 3 The Civilization of Greece, 1000-400 B.C.E. In the Holy Innocents' Cemetery, on Sunday, 24, at noon, a hawthorn bush, that had withered for months, began to green again near an image of the Virgin. -The Huguenot faction was fatally wounded. B. For work more useful in explaining the nature and causes of popular . Elizabeth I of England's ambassador to France at that time, Sir . Please check back later for updated availability. Louis governed the Principality of Orange around Avignon in southern France for his brother William the Silent, who was leading the Dutch Revolt against the Spanish. [citation needed] However, when Charles IX and his mother learned of the involvement of the duke of Anjou, and being so dependent on his support, they issued a second royal declaration, which while asking for an end to the massacres, credited the initiative with the desire of Charles IX to prevent a Protestant plot. Arques; Ivry; Paris; Chteau-Laudran; Rouen; Caudebec; Craon; 1st Luxemburg; Blaye; Morlaix; Fort Crozon, Franco-Spanish War (159598) Even within the Louvre, Navarres attendants were slaughtered, though Navarre and Henry I de Bourbon, 2nd prince de Cond, were spared. Lesson 1 - French Wars of Religion Unit 6 Flashcards | Quizlet Instead of crippling the Huguenot party as Catherine had hoped it would do, the massacre revived hatred between Roman Catholics and Huguenots and helped provoke a renewal of hostilities. Elizabeth restores the Church of England (1558- )
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